Canada is one of the most biodiverse nations in the world, housing a breathtaking array of flora and fauna. It spans across six time zones and boasts every major biogeographical region in all seasons, making it a hotspot for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers. From Polar Bears in the Arctic to Monarch Butterflies in Southern Ontario, the scope of Canada’s biodiversity is truly fascinating. Here are some surprising facts you may not know about Canada’s unique wildlife.
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Diverse Ecosystems: Canada is home to five different biome types: Tundra, Boreal Forest, Temperate Forest, Grassland, and Mixed Forest, providing habitats for thousands of species.
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The Largest Polar Bear Population: Approximately 13,000-15,000 of the world’s 20,000-25,000 polar bears are found in Canada, which accounts for around a 60% of the global population.
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The Great Migration: Every year, Monarch butterflies undertake a phenomenal migration from the Gulf of Mexico to Northern Canada, with some traveling up to 4,800 kilometers.
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Blue Whales in Canada: The largest creature on Earth, the blue whale, can be found off the western coast of Vancouver Island, where they migrate to feed on krill.
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Unique Habitat: Atlantic Puffins: Known for their colorful beaks, Atlantic puffins make their homes on the steep, rocky cliffs of Eastern Canada’s coast.
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The Northernmost Grizzly: The only grizzly bears in North America live north of 60 degrees latitude and can be found in the Canadian Arctic.
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Canadian Bison Conservation: Canada has taken massive steps in preserving the buffalo population which faced near-extinction in the 19th century. Presently, they can be found free-roaming in Wood Buffalo National Park, the world’s largest national park.
- Only Ecological Reserve in the Arctic: Isachsen, located in Nunavut, is the only ecological reserve in the Arctic and boasts almost 20 species of mammals, most of which reside there permanently.
FAQs
Q: What makes Canada’s biodiversity so unique?
A: Canada’s immense geographical area combined with its various climates and topographies provide a massive variety of environments where a large number of species can live and interact.
Q: Where can one observe the Monarch butterflies in Canada?
A: Monarch butterflies can be spotted in Southern Ontario, particularly at Point Pelee National Park, as they migrate back to their summer ground.
Q: Why is biodiversity important?
A: Biodiversity is significant for ecosystem health as it boosts ecosystem productivity and the ability for species to adapt to changing environmental conditions. It provides us with resources like food, clean water, and medicines.
